神經(jīng)源性腫瘤多起源于交感神經(jīng)少數(shù)起源于外周神經(jīng)這類腫瘤多位于后縱隔脊椎旁內(nèi)以單側(cè)多見以后一般無周一明顯過去癥狀長大壓迫神經(jīng)干或惡變侵蝕時(shí)可發(fā)生疼痛縱隔神經(jīng)源性腫瘤可分成兩大類：
①植物神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)腫瘤：大多起源于交感神經(jīng)惡性的有神經(jīng)母細(xì)胞瘤及節(jié)細(xì)胞神經(jīng)母細(xì)胞瘤良性的有神經(jīng)節(jié)細(xì)胞瘤尚有少數(shù)發(fā)生于迷走神經(jīng)的神經(jīng)纖維瘤
②起源于外圍神經(jīng)的腫瘤：良性的有神經(jīng)鞘瘤和神經(jīng)纖維瘤臨床已經(jīng)上這兩類腫瘤表現(xiàn)相似故有人統(tǒng)稱為神經(jīng)纖維瘤多發(fā)生于脊神經(jīng)根或其近側(cè)段亦有少數(shù)來自肋間神經(jīng)惡性者有惡性神經(jīng)鞘瘤及神經(jīng)纖維肉瘤